Large-scale brain network modulation by auricular vagus neuromodulation in major depressive disorder: a systematic review of neuroimaging evidence
BackgroundAuricular vagus neuromodulation, encompassing transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and transcutaneous electrical cranial–auricular acupoint stimulation (TECAS), is an emerging noninvasive intervention for major depressive disorder (MDD). Neuroimaging studies of its central effects have expanded rapidly, yet findings remain dispersed across heterogeneous designs and…
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